Angiography; an Inducer of TGF-Β during Early Atherosclerosis

Document Type : Original Paper

Authors

1 Geriatric Care Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran Dept. of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Paramedicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran

2 Immunology of Infectious Diseases Research Center, Research Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran Dept. of Radiology, Faculty of Paramedicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran

3 Immunology of Infectious Diseases Research Center, Research Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran Dept. of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran

4 Dept. of Radiology, Faculty of Paramedicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran Dept. of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran

5 Dept. of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Paramedicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran Immunology of Infectious Diseases Research Center, Research Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran

Abstract

Introduction: Angiography is an X-ray-based technique for the diagnosis of disorders of the arteries, veins, and heart chambers. X-ray is a potential factor for the modulation of immune responses, including cytokines, the key molecules that participate in cardiovascular disease pathogenesis. Due to the potential roles of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) in cardiovascular disease, this study was designed to evaluate the IL-6 and TGF-β serum levels before and after angiography in atherosclerosis suspected patients.
Material and Methods: In this experimental study, the IL-6 and TGF-β serum levels were explored, using the enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique, in the healthy controls as well as three groups, including atherosclerosis suspected patients without, obstruction of 1 and more than 1 vessel. The IL-6 and TGF-β serum levels also were evaluated before angiography and 3 hours after angiography in the last three groups. SPSS software was used for data analysis.
Results: The results showed that TGF-β serum levels were significantly higher in the controls in comparison of other groups (p> 0.001). Angiography and smoking increased TGF-β (p= 0.027) and IL-6 (p= 0.035) serum levels, respectively, in atherosclerotic patients with obstruction of 1 vessel. Age had a positive, moderate correlation with IL-6 in the non-atherosclerotic patients (rs: 0.479, p= 0.039).
Conclusion: Down-regulation of TGF-β may be associated with induction of inflammation in the patients. Angiography, via up-regulation of TGF-β, may reduce inflammation in the patients and smoking may increase the progression of atherosclerosis in atherosclerotic patients. Age may increase the risk of cardiovascular diseases via up-regulation of IL-6.

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References

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Iranian Journal of Medical Physics
Volume 20, Issue 1
January and February 2023
Pages 48-52

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History

  • Receive Date: 23 December 2020
  • Revise Date: 18 May 2021
  • Accept Date: 08 February 2022
  • First Publish Date: 08 February 2022

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