Iranian Journal of Medical Physics

Iranian Journal of Medical Physics

Fetal Dose Variations in Lung Scintigraphy of Pregnant Woman: The Role of Fetal Body Habitus

Document Type : Original Paper

Authors
Motahareh Zohur-Karbaf 1
Seyed Hashem Miri-Hakimabad 1
Elie Hoseinian-Azghadi 2
1 Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
2 Research and Education Department, Reza Radiotherapy and Oncology Center, Mashhad, Iran
10.22038/ijmp.2022.63048.2069
Abstract
Introduction: This study aims to address the radiation exposure incurred by lung scintigraphy in pregnant patients suspected of pulmonary embolism and to investigate the dose variations due to different body habitus of the fetus.
Material and Methods: In this respect, seven computational models of pregnant women and fetus in three trimesters of pregnancy were used and Monte Carlo calculations were performed using Monte Carlo n-particle –extended (MCNPX) code version 2.6.0 to assess absorbed dose coefficients. Time-integrated activities for three radiopharmaceuticals considered in this study were also extracted from the available reference biokinetic data.
Results: Fetal dose coefficients (mGy/MBq) for three radiopharmaceuticals labeled with 99mTc were estimated for reference pregnant phantoms at three trimesters of gestation and 10th, and 90th fetal growth percentiles were also considered during the last two trimesters. The results show that the fetal dose coefficients were 2.09 × 10-2, 5.71 × 10-3, and 4.44 × 10-3 mGy/MBq for 99mTc MAA, 8.31 × 10-4, 8.68 × 10-4, and 1.27 × 10-3 mGy/MBq for 99mTc Technegas, and 7.85 × 10-3, 2.42 × 10-3, and 2.66 × 10-3 mGy/MBq for 99mTc DTPA aerosol, respectively. According to the results the factor of fetal body habitus adds variation to the fetal dose within ±15%.
Conclusion: Considering one of the uncertainty components of fetal dose, that is the fetal body habitus, the dose variations were well below the safety threshold for the fetus (the threshold from ICRP Publication 84 for fetal cancer risk). Therefore, to check the safety of the diagnostic examination in terms of radiation dose to the fetus, it is sufficient to take into account the reference dose values in clinical practice.
Keywords
Computational Phantom
Pregnant Phantom
Fetal Dose Coefficient
Fetal Dose Variation
Lung Scintigraphy
Subjects
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Iranian Journal of Medical Physics
Volume 20, Issue 3
May and June 2023
Pages 184-193

  • Receive Date 17 January 2022
  • Revise Date 23 June 2022
  • Accept Date 27 June 2022