Iranian Journal of Medical Physics

Iranian Journal of Medical Physics

Impact of Three Dimensional-Conformal Radiation Therapy (3D-CRT) Fractionation Technique on Radiobiological Effects and Risk of Secondary Cancers: A Case Study of Post-Mastectomy Breast Cancer

Document Type : Original Paper

Authors
Endarko Endarko 1
Dafa Miftahuddin 1
Aditya Prayugo Hariyanto 1
Aloysius Mario Yudi Putranto 2
Dewa Ngurah Yudhi Prasada 2
Ida Ayu Putu Inten Gayatri 2
1 Laboratory of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Department of Physics, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Kampus ITS – Sukolilo Surabaya, 60111, East Java, Indonesia.
2 Department of Radiation Oncology, MRCCC Siloam Hospitals, Jakarta, Indonesia
10.22038/ijmp.2023.71076.2252
Abstract
Introduction: The study aimed to analyze and determine impact of the 3D-CRT fractionation on risk of secondary cancer. 
Material and Methods: This study used a patient-specific anthropomorphic phantom, and radiation was performed using the Three Dimensional-Conformal Radiation Therapy Field in Field (3D-CRT FinF) technique with conventional, hypofractionation, and hyperfractionation with a dose of 200 cGy, 260 cGy, and 160 cGy in 25, 16, and 30 fractions respectively. It focused on the contralateral breast, contralateral lung, and ipsilateral lung as Organs at Risk (OAR). In addition, the Dose Volume Histogram (DVH) value, normal tissue complication probability (NTCP), and risk of secondary cancer were evaluated.
Results: The results showed that the average dose value (Dmean) for ipsilateral lung with hypofractionation was smaller than conventional and hyperfractionation of 1519.8, 1826.7, and 1753.6 cGy, respectively. Furthermore, hypofractionation also reduced radiobiological effects by 50% in the ipsilateral lung with an NTCP value of 0.01% compared to conventional and hyperfractionation with a value of 0.02%. Hypofractionation reduces the risk of secondary cancer in the contralateral breast, contralateral lung, and ipsilateral lung by 16.38, 17, and 22.31% compared to conventional fractionation and 12.75, 13.54, and 21.34% compared to hyperfractionation, respectively. 
Conclusion: The dose profiles in OAR was smaller in treatment planning with hypofractionation. EBT3 film verification results showed that the ipsilateral lung received more doses than planned, with an insignificant difference (p>0.05). In radiobiology, the ipsilateral lung has the highest probability of complications in treatment planning with conventional fractionation and hyperfractionation.
Keywords
Radiation Dose Fractionation Radiotherapy Radiation
Induced Cancer Radiobiology
Subjects
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Iranian Journal of Medical Physics
Volume 21, Issue 3 - Serial Number 3
May and June 2024
Pages 160-167

  • Receive Date 05 March 2023
  • Revise Date 17 May 2023
  • Accept Date 23 May 2023