Document Type : Original Paper
Authors
1
Department of Pure and Applied Physics, Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso
2
Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso
3
Department of Pure and Applied Physics, Faculty of Pure and Applied Physics, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso
4
Department of Science Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso
10.22038/ijmp.2024.74142.2316
Abstract
Introduction: Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have gained significant attention as a promising contrast agent to overcome the challenges of iodine-based contrast agents (ICAs) such as poor contrast, short imaging time, and renal toxicity. However, studies have associated toxicity with AuNPs synthesized through chemical methods, thereby raising concerns regarding the safety of such AuNPs. This study, hereby, applies and compares the performance of iodine-based and biosynthesized AuNPs from the extract of Psidium guajava and Corchorus olitorius as CA on radiographs and renal functions of rats.
Materials and Methods: 156 rats were grouped into baseline (A), experimental control (B), ICA (C), and two AuNPs groups (D and E). The iodine-based CA (Urografin 76%), AuNPs, 8.23 ± 1.03 nm (from P. guajava), and 6.57 ± 1.62 nm (from C. olitorius) were administered to the rats in groups C, D, and E respectively. The rats, excluding group A were radiographed and samples of blood and kidney tissue were collected on days 1 and 30 post-treatment for the assessment of renal functions.
Results: The rats injected with the AuNPs showed radiographic contrast with anatomical features better than the rats without CA and those injected with the ICA. The biochemicals showed a significant decrease in renal functions for the rats injected with the ICA while those injected with the AuNPs protected against nephropathy when compared with those without CA and those injected with ICA.
Conclusion: It was revealed that biosynthesized AuNPs can be a suitable replacement for the ICA because of the high atomic number and attenuation properties of gold, the increased surface area of AuNPs, and biocompatibility.
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