Iranian Journal of Medical Physics

Iranian Journal of Medical Physics

Preliminary Characterization Tests of Detectors of on-Line Monitor Systems of the Italian National Center of Oncological Hadron-Therapy (CNAO)

Document Type : Original Paper

Authors
Abdolkazem Ansarinejad 1
Marco Donetti 2
Maria Adelaide Garella 2
Simona Giordanengo 2
Roberto Cirio 3
Flavio Marchetto 3
Vincenzo Monaco 3
Cristiana Peroni 4
Roberto Sacchi 3
1 Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), via Giuria 1, 10125 Torino, Italy Dipartimento di Fisica Sperimentale, Universita’ di Torino, via Giuria 1, 10125 Torino, Italy Presently at the Nuclear Science Research School, Nuclear Science and Technology Research Institute, Tehran, Iran
2 Fondazione CNAO, strada Campeggi, 27100 Pavia, Italy
3 Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), via Giuria 1, 10125 Torino, Italy Dipartimento di Fisica Sperimentale, Universita’ di Torino, via Giuria 1, 10125 Torino, Italy
4 Dipartimento di Fisica Sperimentale, Universita’ di Torino, via Giuria 1, 10125 Torino, Italy
10.22038/ijmp.2013.464
Abstract
Introduction
Hadron-therapy is an effective technique used to treat tumors that are located between or nearby vital organs. The Italian National Center of Oncological Hadron-therapy (CNAO) has been realized as the first facility in Italy to treat very difficult tumors with protons and Carbon ions. The on-line monitor system for CNAO has been developed by the Department of Physics of the University of Torino and Italian National Institute of Nuclear Physics (INFN). The monitoring system performs the on-line checking of the beam intensity, dimension, and beam position.
Materials and Methods
The monitor system is based on parallel plate ionization chambers and is composed of five ionization chambers with the anodes fully integrated or segmented in pixels or strips that are placed in two boxes. A series of measurements were performed that involve the background current and the detectors have been characterized by means of a series of preliminary testes in order to verify reproducibility and uniformity of the chambers using an X-ray source.
Results
The measured background currents for StripX, StripY and Pixel chambers are five orders of magnitude smaller than the nominal treatment current. The reproducibility error of chambers is less than 1%. The analysis of the uniformity showed that the monitor devices have a spread in gain that varies, but only about 2%.
Conclusion
The reproducibility and the uniformity values are considered as a good result, taking into account that the X-ray energy range is several orders of magnitude smaller than the particle energies used at CNAO.
Keywords
Active Beam Delivery System
Hadron Therapy
Ionization Chamber
On-Line Detectors
Subjects
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Iranian Journal of Medical Physics
Volume 9, Issue 4 - Serial Number 4
November and December 2012
Pages 225-232

  • Receive Date 26 September 2012
  • Revise Date 16 March 2013
  • Accept Date 28 January 2013