Photosensitivity and Radiosensitivity of Methylene Blue (MB) With Gold Nanoparticles Coated By Thioglucose (Gnps-Tio): An In Vitro Study

Document Type : Original Paper

Authors

1 Department of Medical Radiation, Faculty of Engineering, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran.

2 Radiological technology department of actually paramedical sciences, Babol University of medical sciences

3 Medical Physics Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.

Abstract

Introduction: Multifunctional of cancer-specific tumor biomarkers is a potent therapeutic approach to treat cancer diseases with high efficacy. Among these methods that can be mentioned are the composition and design of nanoparticles and photosensitizers (PS). The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of gold nanoparticles (GNPs) coated thioglucose (Tio) combined with methylene blue photosensitizer to enhance the efficacy of hybrid therapy (photodynamic and radiation therapy).
Material and Methods: First, GNPs-Tio was synthesized. Next, the toxicity of GNPs-Tio, MB, and their combinations was determined on the MCF-7 cell line to achieve their optimal concentrations. In the next step, the efficacy of combination therapy was evaluated using hybrid therapy. For this purpose, an optical dose of 15.6 J/cm2 and 2 Gy for radiation therapy were delivered. Cell viability was evaluated using MTT and colony assays.
Results: According to the MTT assay, the combined photodynamic and radiation treatment of GNPs-Tio did not cause significant cell death. But this induced significant cell death by using GNPs-Tio + MB while the cell survival rate was almost zero. Combined therapy caused significant cell death in the presence of each of the pharmacological agents alone and their combination in colony assay.
Conclusion: The difference in treatment results between the MTT and the colony assay can be due to the more accurate colony assay for cell death detection. Significant cell death was achieved in the combination of photodynamic and radiotherapy in the presence of MB and MB + GNP-Tio.

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

  1. Abbas Z, Rehman S. An overview of cancer treatment modalities. Neoplasm. 2018;1:139-57.
  2. Wu P-T, Lin C-L, Lin C-W, Chang N-C, Tsai W-B, Yu J. Methylene-blue-encapsulated liposomes as photodynamic therapy nano agents for breast cancer cells. Nanomaterials. 2018;9[1]:14.
  3. Wang C, Sun A, Qiao Y, Zhang P, Ma L, Su M. Cationic surface modification of gold nanoparticles for enhanced cellular uptake and X-ray radiation therapy. Journal of Materials Chemistry B. 2015;3[37]:7372-6.
  4. Chadwick SJ, Salah D, Livesey PM, Brust M, Volk M. Singlet oxygen generation by laser irradiation of gold nanoparticles. The Journal of Physical Chemistry C. 2016;120[19]:10647-57.
  5. Hong EJ, Choi DG, Shim MS. Targeted and effective photodynamic therapy for cancer using functionalized nanomaterials. Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B. 2016;6[4]:297-307.
  6. Khan S, Alam F, Azam A, Khan AU. Gold nanoparticles enhance methylene blue–induced photodynamic therapy: a novel therapeutic approach to inhibit Candida albicans biofilm. International journal of nanomedicine. 2012;7:3245.
  7. Wolfe T, Chatterjee D, Lee J, Grant JD, Bhattarai S, Tailor R, et al. Targeted gold nanoparticles enhance sensitization of prostate tumors to megavoltage radiation therapy in vivo. Nanomedicine: Nanotechnology, Biology and Medicine. 2015;11[5]:1277-83.
  8. Rostami A, Toossi MTB, Sazgarnia A, Soleymanifard S. The effect of glucose-coated gold nanoparticles on radiation bystander effect induced in MCF-7 and QUDB cell lines. Radiation and environmental biophysics. 2016;55[4]:461-6.
  9. Camerin M, Magaraggia M, Soncin M, Jori G, Moreno M, Chambrier I, et al. The in vivo efficacy of phthalocyanine–nanoparticle conjugates for the photodynamic therapy of amelanotic melanoma. European journal of cancer. 2010;46[10]:1910-8.
  10. Sbeghen MR, Voltarelli EM, Campois TG, Kimura E, Aristides SMA, Hernandes L, et al. Topical and intradermal efficacy of photodynamic therapy with methylene blue and light-emitting diode in the treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania braziliensis. Journal of Lasers in Medical Sciences. 2015;6[3]:106.
  11. Abrahamse H, Hamblin MR. New photosensitizers for photodynamic therapy. Biochemical Journal. 2016;473[4]:347-64.
  12. Ovchinnikov O, Chernykh S, Smirnov M, Alpatova D, Vorob’Eva R, Latyshev A, et al. Analysis of interaction between the organic dye methylene blue and the surface of AgCl [I] microcrystals. Journal of Applied Spectroscopy. 2007;74[6]:809-16.
  13. Tardivo JP, Del Giglio A, De Oliveira CS, Gabrielli DS, Junqueira HC, Tada DB, et al. Methylene blue in photodynamic therapy: From basic mechanisms to clinical applications. Photodiagnosis and photodynamic therapy. 2005;2[3]:175-91.
  14. Gunaydin G, Gedik ME, Ayan S. Photodynamic therapy—Current limitations and novel approaches. Frontiers in Chemistry. 2021;9:400.
  15. Hao Y, Chung CK, Yu Z, Huis in ‘t Veld RV, Ossendorp FA, Ten Dijke P, et al. Combinatorial therapeutic approaches with nanomaterial-based photodynamic cancer therapy. Pharmaceutics. 2022;14[1]:120.
  16. Liyanage PY, Hettiarachchi SD, Zhou Y, Ouhtit A, Seven ES, Oztan CY, et al. Nanoparticle-mediated targeted drug delivery for breast cancer treatment. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta [BBA]-Reviews on Cancer. 2019;1871[2]:419-33.
  17. Zhang R, Qin X, Kong F, Chen P, Pan G. Improving cellular uptake of therapeutic entities through interaction with components of cell membrane. Drug Delivery. 2019;26[1]:328-42.
  18. Behzadi S, Serpooshan V, Tao W, Hamaly MA, Alkawareek MY, Dreaden EC, et al. Cellular uptake of nanoparticles: journey inside the cell. Chemical Society Reviews. 2017;46[14]:4218-44.
  19. Nakamura Y, Mochida A, Choyke PL, Kobayashi H. Nanodrug delivery: is the enhanced permeability and retention effect sufficient for curing cancer? Bioconjugate chemistry. 2016;27[10]:2225-38.
  20. Arvizo R, Bhattacharya R, Mukherjee P. Gold nanoparticles: opportunities and challenges in nanomedicine. Expert opinion on drug delivery. 2010;7[6]:753-63.
  21. Zhang X-D, Wu H-Y, Di Wu Y-YW, Chang J-H, Zhai Z-B, Meng A-M, et al. Toxicologic effects of gold nanoparticles in vivo by different administration routes. International journal of nanomedicine. 2010;5:771.
  22. Hainfeld JF, Slatkin DN, Smilowitz HM. The use of gold nanoparticles to enhance radiotherapy in mice. Physics in Medicine & Biology. 2004;49[18]:N309.
  23. Chen Y, Yang J, Fu S, Wu J. Gold nanoparticles as radiosensitizers in cancer radiotherapy. International Journal of Nanomedicine. 2020;15:9407.
  24. Xu J, Gao J, Wei Q. Combination of photodynamic therapy with radiotherapy for cancer treatment. Journal of Nanomaterials. 2016;2016.

 

 

 

 

 

 

Iranian Journal of Medical Physics
Volume 20, Issue 3
May and June 2023
Pages 177-183

Files

History

  • Receive Date: 03 April 2022
  • Revise Date: 06 July 2022
  • Accept Date: 24 July 2022

Share

How to cite

Statistics